The particles that are in an atom: protons, neutrons and electrons The particles that are in protons and neutrons: quarks The four fundamental forces: gravity, electromagnetism, the strong force and ...

A committee-supported project or activity that has been completed and for which output dissemination has begun. Its committee has been disbanded and closeout procedures are underway. Elementary ...

The model we have for understanding the universe’s fundamental particles is a bit like a gearbox: one tiny change to any one single particles’ properties throws off the mechanics of the other ...

Forbes contributors publish independent expert analyses and insights. I write about physics, science, academia, and pop culture. This article is more than 6 years old. A bit more than a week ago, ...

The grand explanation physicists use to describe how the universe works may have some major new flaws to patch after a fundamental particle was found to have more mass than scientists thought. “It’s ...

Forbes contributors publish independent expert analyses and insights. The Universe is out there, waiting for you to discover it. What is the Universe, at a fundamental level, truly made out of? Is ...

Peter Higgs stands in front of a photograph of the Large Hadron Collider at the Science Museum in London in 2013. The year before, researchers smashing protons together at the collidor had discovered ...

Elementary particle physics reflects the human quest to understand the basic building blocks of nature and the rules that govern the physical world. This quest has led not only to critical scientific ...