Tests of a proposed friction-factor equation have shown it to be accurate for calculating pressure loss in turbulent flow for a pipeline transporting a non-Newtonian fluid, such as most crude oils and ...

A new equation for accurate approximation of the Moody friction factor in the general gas-flow equation better approximates a wide range of Reynolds numbers than previously published equations. Other, ...

The friction factor in open channel flow is considered to increase proportionally with wall roughness compared to that of pipe flow because of undulation at the free surface. The undulation is ...

From the early tribological studies of Leonardo da Vinci to Amontons’ law, friction has been shown to increase with increasing normal load. This trend continues to hold at the nanoscale, where ...

Irregularities present on a surface are often described as surface roughness or texture. These surface textures such as grooves and dimples impart friction, which is the force between two sliding ...